idyanin n 8 Mayyu 1945 deg Uweqqas

Am waṭas n temdinin n wakal n tmurt n Ldzayer, Aweqqas (umi llan γγaren « Cap Aokas » deg tallit n Fṛansa) ḥuzant-tt tedyanin-nni ay d-yeglan s uxeṣṣar i weγref (cceεb) adzayri.

Tamezwarut, yessekf ad nẓer deg wayyuren imezwura n 1944, tennulfa-d, deg temdint-a, yiwet n terbaεt n AML (Amis du Manifeste pour la Liberté – Imeddukal n Teskant i lmend n Tlelli), d akabar ay d-yessebded Ferhat Abbas. Tarbaεt-a llan deg-s xemsa n medden. S temliliyin ed medden akked lḥemlat n tefranin ay d-yellan deg tallit-nni, tessaweḍ terbaεt-a ad d-tessaki medden γef yizerfan-nsen deg tmurt-nsen. Seg tama niḍen, Iskutiyen Inselmen llan tturaren-d timezgunin (pièces de théâtres) aydeg llan sskanayen-d, s wawal ed wurar uffiren, tidet tamerẓagut ay llan tteddren-tt Yidzayriyen ddaw uzaglu n ussehres (listiεmaṛ). Dγa d aya akk ay d-yeswejden imezdaγen n Uweqqas akken ad ttekkin deg tedyanin-nni timeqranin ay d-yeḍran deg dduṛt-nni tis setta n tefsut n 1945.

Mohamed Abdelli, γas yekka i 80 n yiseggasen, maca mazal-it yuwey-d iman-nnes, yerna mazal yecfa mliḥ i tedyanin-nni yesseḥzanen, ay aγ-d-yeḥka s waṭas n ttfaṣil.

« Deg yiseggasen ineggura n Wemgaru Amaḍlan (Guerre Mondiale) wis Sin, nnig lbaṭel-nni aqerḍal [n Fṛansa], yeẓdem-d wejṛad yerna yeswaγ tafellaḥt-nneγ deg yiwet teswiεt. D aya ay d-yeglan s laẓ deg tama-a [n Uweqqas]. Dγa terra-aγ tmara ad neγẓeẓ tuγmest n temγart (pissenlit) ed yiẓuran n waṭas n yemγan niḍen. Laẓ-nneγ yeffeγ γef tedbelt (administration) tafṛensist, imi ay aγ-d-ttbeddilen kra n yegṛamen n uẓekkun [ayyes sseccayen lmal] s tmellalin-nneγ ay ttakfen i yiserdasen. Nettṛuḥu ad neg tigganit (queue) deg lxezna i wakken ad aγ-d-iṣaḥ uẓekkun, yerna tikkal, kra n tsednan llant ttneṣraεent seg lketṛa n yibeddi, εeyyu ed laẓ, ladγa imi ay llant ttasent-d seg tuddar ibeεden. Wid yemmuten ur d ayen nezmer ad t-neḥseb, yerna lγaci akk feclen … ».

Mohamed Abdelli yessusem cwiṭ akken ad d-yerr nnefs, ladγa imi ay d-yemmekti tiγawsiwin ay t-iqerḥen aṭas deg wul-nnes. Ayen ay ikemmel yeḥka-aγ-t-id yewṣef-d lbaṭel aberkan, ameqran ay ssukken yiγallen ifṛensisen γef yimezdaγen n tama-a sdeffir ma nekren-d (kkren-d) deg wass 11 Mayyu [imi ay ten-iγaḍ lḥal γef tedyanin-nni ay yeḍran deg Seṭṭif, ay d-yebdan deg wass n 8 Mayyu, yerna ḥuzant aṭas n tmiwa ama deg wegmuḍ n tmurt, ama deg Tmurt n Leqbayel].

Ussan-nni, yebda itteddu uberriḥ gar medden : « A aytmaten, iyyaw ad nekker γer Yiṛumyen ! ». Seg wass ar azekka, tenker tmes deg tama-nni. Medden refden imrigen (leslaḥ) akken ad wten γef tmurt-nsen. D acu kan, imi iγallen imsellḥen n Yefṛensisen llan ugaren s waṭas wid n weγref (cceεb), tanekra-nsen ur tεeḍḍel, yerna Ifṛensisen rnan meḥqen lγaci s yiwet n cceḥna ur nesεi tamtilt.

Deg yilel (lebḥeṛ) yusa-d yiwen n uγerrabu aserdasi afṛensis, sakkin yebda yekkat lemdafeε yessebεaden tuddar ed yedraren. Tileffuγin-nnes (lbumbat), mi ṭṭreḍqent, ad d-gent lḥess d ameqran, yesseεẓag, yerna ad d-snekrent asigna n wawwu. Nnig n yimerjan-nni imeqranen ay llant ttajjant-ten-id deg tmurt, tileffuγin-nni rnant snedḥent times i lexlawi ed yimudaγ, d times ay yebdan tettimγur …

Deg yigenni, isafagen (ṛṛublanat) bdan berrun-d, daγen, i tleffuγin-nsen (lbumbat) yerna, llan ttafgen qrib γer tmurt, dγa ttqerrisen, s tmiṭrayuzt, γef kra n wayen ara ẓren yettewliwil. Ula d akraren ddan … Ma d iserdasen yellan deg tmurt, gan ayen ur yezmir ad t-ixayel leεqel.

Bdan ttacaṛen ikumyan d imeḥbas, ttawyen-ten γer yiwen n wenrar n tennis anda ay llan ssenγalen-ten din. Anrar-nni yezzi-as-d yiwen n ussefreg d aεlayan ayseg yiwen ur yezmir ad d-yerwel. Sdat n wenrar-nni, yella wexxam n yiwen n umasdag (architecte) afṛensis isem-nnes Tardieu. Axxam-nni yesεa tamda yeccuṛen d aman, dγa bdan yiserdasen sseqdacen-tt i uεetteb n Yidzayriyen. Llan ula d imeḥbas ay εettben s tqerεunt. Wiyaḍ qqden-ten s wuzzal-nni ayyes tteqqden lmal. Yiwen n wergaz, Allouache Abdellah, wten-t s tfala (baïonette), yerna yeqqim akken d amejruḥ, yettneεtab, yezzuγur isuγan-nnes war ma yezmer seg lqerḥ, ad yeg acemma. Ma d yiwen, gezmen-as iγef-nnes, ssersen-t γef ṭṭabla n yiwet n tnarit n tedbelt (bureau ḍadministraton) n Yefṛensisen.



Maurice Aubertier, yellan d afesyan n tḥarazt (officier de réserve), d yiwen seg wid-nni yeffuden idammen ay yettekkan deg tedyanin-a. Yella d memmi-s n yiwen n wemhares (colon) ameṛkanti n tama-a, yerna, iga ṛṛay-nnes deg Yidzayriyen, imi ay yenγa aṭas seg-sen s wemrig-nnes (leslaḥ). Yella itteddu ad ineγ ula d sin n lqeyyad, imi ay ugin ad ssenyin lkaγeḍ ayyes ḥekmen s tmattant γef wid-nni yettekkan deg terbaεt-nni n AML. Sakkin, d sin n yicambiṭen ay d-yegren iman-nsen akken ad d-cafεen sin-nni n lqeyyad.

D acu kan, xemsa-nni n yimeγnasen (militants) n terbaεt n Ssuq n Letniyin (d taddart ay ibeεden s 10 n yikilumitren γef Uweqqas) nγan-ten Yefṛensisen akken kan ay ten-ṭṭfen. Ma d kra n yimeḥbas niḍen, uwyen-ten, war ṛṛeḥma, γer Yiγef (cap) n Uweqqas. Nγan-ten din, sakkin ssegrarben-ten γer yilel (lebḥeṛ). Qbel ad ten-ineγ, Maurice Aubertier iwehha γer yigenni s uḍad-nnes, yenṭeq γer-sen, yenna-asen: « Inim-as i Muḥemmed-nwen ad d-yas ad ken-id-yessukkes !”.

Kra n yimeḥbas niḍen ḥettmen-ten Yefṛensisen ad γzen iẓekwan-nsen – iṭranciyen -qbel ad ten-nγen, sakkin, nγan-ten war ma ttucaṛεen, yerna meḍlen-ten akken, d tarbaεt … Medden werjin ttun wid-nni yemmuten ass-nni, yerna asmi ay tuwey Ldzayer azarug-nnes (indépendance), ttuskeflen-d yeγsan-nsen, yerna ttwameḍlen tamḍelt tazedgant, d tin ay uklanen.

Lḥemla n ttaṛ n Yefṛensisen teqqim acḥal d ussan. Maca yella yiwen n wergaz, seg tama-a, yenna-d tadyant-nni ad yefru deg yiwen n wemkan isem-nnes Adouz, yerna yedda wawal gar medden akk γef temsalt-a. Ur neẓri ma s tin n zzheṛ kan ay t-id-yenna neγ d tidet, yeẓra ayen ara yeḍrun … maca, deg tilawt, akken ay d-yenna ay teḍra.

Deg wass n letniyen, 21 Mayyu, 1945, tadbelt (administration) tafṛensist teεzem ad tekkes akk imrigen (leslaḥ) i yimezdaγen n tama-a, dγa tumeṛ icambiṭen ad ddun ad xebbren imezdaγen n tuddar. Ttiεad i wass n Ttlata, 22 Mayyu.

Mi yuley wass, bdan ttadren-d yisersuren n yergazen, n tsednan ed yigerdan, abrid-nsen γer wemkan-nni wuγur ay asen-nnan Yefṛensisen ad ddun, d win ay ibeεdan 15 n yikilumitren γef temdint n Uweqqas. Kra n yimeṛkantiyen ddan s tcariḍt. Tisednan, imi ur zmirent ad jjent igerdan-nsen i yiman-nsen, uwyent-ten yid-sent.

Kra n yinagan nnan-d mi kkan γef yiγezran n Xerraṭa, walan da, dihin, tifekkiwin n medden yemmuten, qqurent, rekkunt, yerna amkan-nni akk tella deg-s yiwet n lfuḥa ur yezmir yiwen ad tt-yersriḥ.

Amsegraw deg Melbu

Mi uwḍen lγaci-nni γer teftist (plage), ufan-n din lqeyyad s yibeṛnas izewwaγen, llan yid-sen yimalalen-nsen (imεiwnen) s yibeṛnas iẓerwalen (bleus), d nitni ay yellan ssekcamen medden γer wenrar anda ara msegrawen. Wid-nni ssersen-ten din i wakken ad tḥeqqen usan-d akk yimezdaγen n tuddar. Sakkin, bdan yergazen srusuyen imrigen-nsen (leslaha’t) imellalen ed yemrigen n tmes γef tegnit (lqaεa), ddaw tεessast n yiserdasen n Tlijunt (Légion) Tabeṛṛanit.

Mi tebda tafukt tettaley, yufa-d lḥal amkan-nni yeccuṛ d lγaci. Dγa imir-nni, γef tizi n 8 :00, tusa-d yiwet n terbaεt n yimesberrawen (bombardiers), ttafgen qrib γer tmurt, i wakken ad ten-ẓren akk medden. Zzhir-nsen ameqran yessexleε aṭas n medden, ladγa tisednan ed yigerdan.

Sakkin, ṛebεa n yiγerruba iserdasiyen ay d-iqerrben γer yiri n yilel (lebḥeṛ), bdan kkaten s lemdafeε-nsen. Medden xelεen s lḥess-nni, yerna llant ula d tisednan umi d-teγli tadist ! Kra n medden uγen tiytiwin d tilqayanin deg tnefsit-nsen.

Ilijuniṛen (légionnaires) bdan sseddayen, gar lγaci, yiwen n wekrar umi sselsen yiwen n wetriku izewwqen am tekbabt (taεellamt) n Fṛansa. Sakkin yebda wekrar-nni yetturar kra n wuraren yessewhamen s lameṛ n yiserdasen-nni. Aya, i wakken ad asen-d-mlen i medden amek akrar-nni yella yettaγ awal xir-nsen nitni.

Kra n tedqiqin sakkin, yuweḍ-d ujuniṛal Duval, tedda-d γer tama-s terbaεt n yifesyanen ed tugniwin (ccexṣeyyat) tinselmin ay iqeddcen ed Fṛansa deg tallit-nni. Kra seg tugniwin-a llan εellqen aṭas n tzalγiwin (lmadayat) tiγarimin (civils) neγ tiserdasiyin. Mi d-tuweḍ terbaεt-a, iserdasen wten rrṣaṣ deg yigenni.

Mi d-ters lehna, ajiniṛal Duval ed yiwen seg tugniwin-nni (ccexṣeyyat) tinselmin, bdan ssawalen s nnuba s yemsemγer n taγect. Dγa nnan : « Mmuqqlem iγerruba-nneγ n ṭṭrad, lemdafeε-nneγ, isafagen-nneγ (ṛṛublanat), iserdasen-nneγ ; Fṛansa d ljens aqbur, ameqran, yerna ur yelli ljens ay izemren ad yennaγ yid-s ; ma d kenwi, d imerwayen-a ay awen-ikellxen. Tzemrem ad tessuffγem Fṛansa seg Ldzayer s cwiṭ-a n tbeckiḍin n ṣṣyada, tiqubac, imegren ed tdebbuzin ? Tesεam zzheṛ imi ajiniṛal De Gaulle d argaz yelhan, d bab n lxir, yerna yennuγ ed waṭas n Yidzayriyen [mgal Lalman]. D aya ay t-yejjan ad yeεfu γef wakk wid yettekkan deg tnekra-a. Ma d imḍebbren ed yimerwayen, ad d-ttwakecfen, ad kken deg ccṛeε n yiserdasen, yerna ad ttuεaqben s teqseḥ ».

Mi fuken inaw-nsen (discours), Ifṛensisen ḥettmen lγaci-nni ad regmen Ferhat Abbas yerna ad d-inin « Vive la France (Ad tedder Fṛansa) ». Sakkin, sseγlin s leqder n kraḍ n lqeyyad sdat lγaci-nni imi ay asen-kksen tizalγiwin-nni (lmadayat) ed yibeṛnas-nsen izewwaγen. Deg tgara, rnan wten kra n tleffuγin (lbumbat) s lemdafeε, sakkin, jjan medden-nni ad qqlen γer yexxamen-nsen …

Acḥal n medden ayyes tegla tnegzart-a (massacre) ?

Mmuten 102 n Wuṛufiyen ed tmerwin n yigiman (dizaines de milliers) n Yinselmen. Yal amdan ay yemmuten seg Wuṛufiyen, mmutent fell-as tiwinas (timeyyatin) seg Yidzayriyen. Seg tama niḍen, d tiwinas n yimeḥbas ay yettwaṭṭfen, gar-asen 28 ḥekmen fell-asen s tmattant yerna nγan-ten. Nnig waya, d igiman n medden niḍen ay yesṛuḥen ixxamen-nsen s tleffuγin-nni (lbumbat) asen-ihudden tuddar-nsen. S waya, Ifṛensisen ed Yidzayriyen llan ur εdilen ama deg tudert, ama deg tmattant.

D acu kan, ass n 8 Mayyu 1945 yejja-d lateṛ s wazal-nnes deg umezruy. Yuγ lḥal, ass-nni d tikkelt tamezwarut (seg wasmi ay teγli Ldzayer gar yifassen n Fṛansa) aydeg Idzayriyen qublen tiyita s tiyita. Ass n 8 Mayyu 1945 d win ay iledyen abrid i Tegrawla n 1 Nwembeṛ 1954, d tin ayyes ay d-ksen Yidzayriyen tamurt-nsen seg gar wajjaren n Yefṛensisen.


Sγur Hafit Zaouche.
Tasuqilt sγur : Omar Mouffok (www.imedyazen.com)